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Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of 3D printed guide plate-assisted hematoma puncture and catheter drainage in the treatment of a moderate volume of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in the basal ganglia.Methods:The clinical data of 42 patients with a moderate volume of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in the basal ganglia who received treatment with 3D printed guide plate-assisted hematoma puncture and catheter drainage in Dazhu Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from January 2016 to January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. In the traditional puncture group, there were 19 patients who received traditional punctures according to preoperative cranial CT findings (traditional puncture group). In the 3D printed guide plate puncture group, there were 23 patients who received hematoma puncture and catheter drainage assisted by a 3D printed guide plate. Preoperative preparation time (from admission to operation), operative time, the number of hematoma punctures, hematoma clearance rate, postoperative indwelling time of drainage tube, residual hematoma rate, the occurrence of puncture canal bleeding, intracranial infection, Glasgow Coma Scale score measured at 3 and 7 days after surgery, and Glasgow Outcome Scale score measured at 1, 3 and 6 months after surgery were compared between the two groups.Results:There were no significant differences in preoperative preparation time and operative time between the two groups ( t = 0.25, 0.40, both P > 0.05). 3D-printed guide plate-assisted hematoma puncture reduced the probability of reveiving one more hematoma puncture during the surgery. There was no significant difference in the number of hematoma puncture between the two groups ( χ2= 0.48, P > 0.05). There were no significant differences in the probabilities of puncture canal bleeding and intracranial infection between the two groups ( χ2 = 0.05, 0.03, both P > 0.05). Postoperative indwelling time of the drainage tube in the 3D printed guide plate puncture group was significantly shorter than that in the traditional puncture group [(3.10 ± 0.38) vs. (3.46 ± 0.52) days, t = 2.65, P < 0.05]. The residual hematoma rate in the 3D printed guide plate puncture group was significantly lower than that in the traditional puncture group [(32.04 ± 5.33)% vs. (37.37 ± 5.51)%, χ2 = 3.20, P < 0.05]. There were significant differences in Glasgow Coma Scale score measured at 3 and 7 days after surgery between the two groups [(12.04 ± 1.19) points vs. (11.26 ± 0.93) points, (13.65 ± 0.88) points vs. (12.94 ± 0.97) points, t = 2.33, 2.46, both P < 0.05]. Glasgow Outcome Scale score measured at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery in the 3D printed guide plate puncture group was 18, 21, and 22 points, respectively, which was significantly higher than 9, 11, and 12 points in the traditional puncture group ( χ2 = 4.34, 4.69, 5.17, all P < 0.05). Conclusion:3D printed guide plate assisted hematoma puncture and catheter drainage for treatment of a moderate volume of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in the basal ganglia can increase the accuracy of puncture, decrease hematoma residual rate, improve short- and long-term prognosis, does not prolong preoperative preparation time. Moreover, it costs low, is safe, and is easy to learn.
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OBJECTIVE：To identify and evaluate the risk factors of innovative drug clinical trials ，and to provide references for the development of risk management and control strategies. METHODS ：Using the method of literature research ，the risk factors of innovative drug clinical trials were obtained ，classified and sorted out ，and the risk evaluation indicators were initially formed. On this basis ，the questionnaire was designed. By means of interview and questionnaire survey ，54 experts were invited from 4 tertiary hospitals and 1 contract research organization to score. SPSS 24.0 software was used to perform principal component analysis on risk event status data. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：The risk evaluation system included 9 first-class indicators such as policy and legal risk ，clinical trial institution risk and trial scheme design risk ，and 31 second-class indicators such as industrial policy，law and regulation changes ，intellectual property risk . According to the analysis ，the risk factors of innovative drug clinical trials mainly included drug and biological sample management risk ，trial scheme design risk ，clinical trial institution risk ，safety report management risk ，ethical review risk ，policy and legal risk ，and subject management risk. Relevant parties in clinical trials need to focus on monitoring various risk factors ，establish dynamic monitoring and control mechanism and implementation guarantee mechanism ，and effectively prevent and control risk ，to promote the smooth implementation of clinical trials.
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BACKGROUND:A large number of biomechanical studies and clinical application research showed that unilateral pedicle screw fixation with a single cage can not only make the spine to obtain immediate stability, and also reduces the fixed segment stiffness. However, there is not related research on the change of adjacent segment disc nucleus pulposus volume with unilateral pedicle screw. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of unilateral pedicle screw fixation with a single cage on adjacent segment degeneration for treating lumbar degenerative disease with MRI measurement of lumbar nucleus pulposus volume. METHODS:A total of 34 patients with lumbar disc herniation were treated by posterior lumbar interbody fusion with unilateral pedicle screw fixation with a single cage insertion. There were L4-5 segment in 16 patients (9 males and 7 females) and L5-S1segment in 18 patients (10 males and 8 females). The fixator was taken out at 18 months after surgery. They were folowed up for 24 to 36 months. With MRI, the transverse diameter and sagittal diameter of the nucleus pulposus were measured by using T2-weighted images at 6, 12, 18, 30 months after treatment, while the nucleus pulposus height was measured by middle sagittal position. Cephalic intervertebral height was measured with angular bisector method on X-ray films. Effects of unilateral pedicle screw fixation on cephalic intervertebral disc degeneration were evaluated according to nucleus pulposus volume and the intervertebral space height. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Nucleus pulposus volume at cephalic L3-4 on the fixed L4-5segment was reduced in male patients after 30 months of treatment compared with pre-treatment (P=0.139), but increased in female patients (P=0.143). (2) Nucleus pulposus volume at L4-5 near to fixed L5-S1 segment was slightly reduced in male patients after 30 months of treatment (P=0.096); nucleus pulposus volume was slightly increased in female patients after 6, 12, 18 and 30 months of treatment (P > 0.05). (3) Disc space height at cephalic L3-4 near to L4-5 segment was diminished in male and female patients at 30 months of treatment (P > 0.05). (4) Disc space height at cephalic L4-5 near to L5-S1 segment was slightly reduced in male and female patients compared with pre-treatment (P > 0.05). (5) Unilateral pedicle screw with a single cage could effectively prevent adjacent segment degeneration in treatment of partial lumbar intervertebral degenerative disease.
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Objective To study the effect of intedeukin 6 (IL-6) on the expression of androgen receptor (AR) in porcine ovarian granulosa cells(GC) and to explore its role of in the polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) pathogenesis.Methods Different concentrations of IL-6 (10,100 and 1 000 ng/L) were treated with GC.Expression of androgen receptor (AR) mRNA and protein in GC were detected by real-time quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot.Results The mRNA and protein expressions of AR in GC were upregulated in groups with 100 and 1 000 ng/L IL-6 at 72 h.Conclusion IL-6 can improve androgen activity.This process may explain the function of chronic subclinical inflammation in PCOS pathogenesis.
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Objective To explore the distribution of ABO blood group in Tibetans population and their genetic relationship. Methods Data of ABO blood group of 28 Titetan populations were collected from China and India. The gene frequencies were processed by Phylip3. 68 and MEGA4. 1 genetic analysis software pack, and the Nei's genetic distance was imported and the genetic relationship was analyzed. Results The distribution of ABO blood group among Gansu, Qianghai, Sichuan, Yunnan, Tibet, and India was 0 ＞ A ＞ B ＞ AB. The nation index and genetic distance were 0. 63 ～ 0.98 and 0 ～0. 0072, respectively. Conclusion There is probable historical relationship among the ancestors of these Tibetan populations, but the differentiation incident of Tibetan population living in different area in history was different, so that their distribution of gene frequencies is diversified.